https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45256 1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44–66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 20:06:39 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42468 Wed 24 Aug 2022 11:40:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48519 p = 1.3 x 10⁻⁴) for all ischemic stroke, 0.63 (95% CI 0.50–0.80; p = 1.6 x 10⁻⁴) for cardioembolic stroke, and 0.60 (95% CI 0.44–0.82; p = 0.001) for large artery stroke; there was no association with small vessel stroke (odds ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.67–1.20; p = 0.46). Only the association with cardioembolic stroke was robust in sensitivity analyses. There was no association of genetically predicted serum calcium concentrations with all ischemic stroke (per 0.5 mg/dL [about 1 SD] increase in serum calcium: odds ratio 1.03, 95% CI 0.88–1.21) or with any subtype. Conclusions: This study found that genetically higher serum magnesium concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of cardioembolic stroke but found no significant association of genetically higher serum calcium concentrations with any ischemic stroke subtype.]]> Wed 22 Mar 2023 17:11:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48511 n = 321,223) and offspring birth weight (n = 230,069 mothers), we identified 190 independent association signals (129 of which are novel). We used structural equation modeling to decompose the contributions of direct fetal and indirect maternal genetic effects, then applied Mendelian randomization to illuminate causal pathways. For example, both indirect maternal and direct fetal genetic effects drive the observational relationship between lower birth weight and higher later blood pressure: maternal blood pressure-raising alleles reduce offspring birth weight, but only direct fetal effects of these alleles, once inherited, increase later offspring blood pressure. Using maternal birth weight-lowering genotypes to proxy for an adverse intrauterine environment provided no evidence that it causally raises offspring blood pressure, indicating that the inverse birth weight-blood pressure association is attributable to genetic effects, and not to intrauterine programming.]]> Wed 22 Mar 2023 15:25:15 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50431 Tue 25 Jul 2023 19:01:27 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50411 Tue 25 Jul 2023 17:30:33 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47666 Tue 24 Jan 2023 15:47:40 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53295 Tue 21 Nov 2023 11:54:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41899 PCSK9 locus and compared findings with recent trials of pharmacological inhibitors of PCSK9. Methods: Published and individual participant level data (300,000+ participants) were combined to construct a weighted PCSK9 gene-centric score (GS). Seventeen randomized placebo controlled PCSK9 inhibitor trials were included, providing data on 79,578 participants. Results were scaled to a one mmol/L lower LDL-C concentration. Results: The PCSK9 GS (comprising 4 SNPs) associations with plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels were consistent in direction with treatment effects. The GS odds ratio (OR) for myocardial infarction (MI) was 0.53 (95% CI 0.42; 0.68), compared to a PCSK9 inhibitor effect of 0.90 (95% CI 0.86; 0.93). For ischemic stroke ORs were 0.84 (95% CI 0.57; 1.22) for the GS, compared to 0.85 (95% CI 0.78; 0.93) in the drug trials. ORs with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were 1.29 (95% CI 1.11; 1.50) for the GS, as compared to 1.00 (95% CI 0.96; 1.04) for incident T2DM in PCSK9 inhibitor trials. No genetic associations were observed for cancer, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or Alzheimer’s disease – outcomes for which large-scale trial data were unavailable. Conclusions: Genetic variation at the PCSK9 locus recapitulates the effects of therapeutic inhibition of PCSK9 on major blood lipid fractions and MI. While indicating an increased risk of T2DM, no other possible safety concerns were shown; although precision was moderate.]]> Tue 16 Aug 2022 08:27:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48599 Tue 04 Apr 2023 19:22:25 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41061 HHIP) gene and was previously associated with lung function and HHIP lung expression. We found HHIP expression was significantly different between the sexes (P=6.90x10⁻⁶), but we could not detect sex differential effects of rs7697189 on expression. Conclusions: We identified a novel genotype-by-sex interaction at a putative enhancer region upstream of the HHIP gene. Establishing the mechanism by which HHIP SNPs have different effects on lung function in males and females will be important for our understanding of lung health and diseases in both sexes.]]> Fri 22 Jul 2022 13:18:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53055 Fri 17 Nov 2023 11:47:02 AEDT ]]>